![]() Sponges originated in a microorganism world and have been co-evolving with them since that time. Sponges are sessile filter-feeding invertebrates that originated around 600 million years ago, according to fossil records, cellular and genetic evidence. These data and the method of organotypic culture described here provide support for the development of viable sponge biomass production. Extracellular matrix was organized according to the morphogenetic process observed, with evidence for cell-signaling instructions and remodeling. Cell-cell interaction and cell density are shown to affect events in morphogenesis such as epithelial/mesenchymal and mesenchymal/epithelial transitions as well as distinct cell movements required for regeneration. An innovative sponge organotypic culture of the regenerating internal region is described and investigated by confocal microscopy, cell transplantation and vital staining. We focused on the first 20 h of regeneration, during which blastema formation and epithelium initialization occur. The aim of this work is to characterize the dynamics of cell behavior during the initial stages of sponge regeneration, using bright-field microscopy, confocal microscopy and SEM. ![]() Sponges have a high capacity for regeneration and this process improves biomass production in some species, thus contributing to a solution for the biomass supply problem for biotechnological applications.
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